A review of NTSB accident records indicated 159 accidents between 1982 and 2007 involving aircraft powered by Rotax. And as you'd expect, a fair number of those involved much of the same-old-same-old causes you'd find examining general aviation accidents—fuel starvation, VFR into IFR conditions, loss of control, carb icing, runway loss of control.
But reports also cited engine problems, some with no discernable explanation. Gearbox issues have occurred and reoccurred with the Rotax models, and recently the company issued a mandatory service bulletin regarding checking the magnetic plug for metal chips and for proper lubricant.
Accidents involving the other engines were far fewer—only three, for example, involving Jabiru-power; none cited the engine as a causal factor.
The higher number involving Rotax-powered aircraft is understandable since Rotax has thousands more engines in service than the other manufacturers combined.
The great problem in identifying engine-specific problems is that in the majority of installations, the engines power experimental/amateur-built category aircraft, where differences in mounting, accessory placement, cooling and vibration variations can instill issues that vary from one installation to another.
And accidents involving Continental O-200-powered craft were as numerous as you'd expect for the length and depth of its presence in general aviation aircraft. Here again, many occurred through no fault of the engine. Still, numerous reports involved engine stoppages, heat-related power loss and other engine problems.
Fuel starvation, poor maintenance, failure to observe operating limitations and some power losses lacking explanation populate the reports for both the conventional and unconventional engines.
To paraphrase the words of one long-time Rotax service-center operator, the main problems involving the engines stem from many of the same types of problems—poor judgment, misuse, mismanagement and poor maintenance—befalling all aircraft.